Articles - Expert Series

Writing for Editing
by Gael Chandler
Editors are often called the last re-writers of the film. So why not write for editing? Expert Gael Chandler shows you how.

Plot Depth through Thematic Significance
by Martha Alderson, M.A.
By your final draft, you have an idea of the deeper meaning of your story, what you are trying to say and the ways you have attempted to communicate that meaning through your story to your audience. Crystallize the meaning into two specific universal themes and improve your chances of creating a classic blockbuster story.

10 Story Techniques You Must Use to Sell Your Script
by John Truby
John Truby reveals the 10 story techniques that must be in your script if you want the best chance of selling it in a genre-dominated business.

Understanding Your Own Fear for Fun and Profit
by Devin Watson
The real center of fear is in the mind, which is where horror screenwriters should concentrate their efforts.

Money Matters: Don’t Just Make Your Points, Define Them!
by Jeremy Juuso
Ever wonder what it means to receive '10 points off the backend' of a project? Expert Jeremy Juuso demystifies the confusing jargon of film financing.

Conscious Media: Part 6
by Pamela Jaye Smith
In this 6th and final installment of the Conscious Media series, Pamela Jaye Smith explores the Geography of Creativity as it relates directly to the creative process.

The 11 Laws of Great Storytelling
by Jeffrey Hirschberg
While it is impossible to have a foolproof formula for a great story, expert Jeffrey Hirschberg shares his concept that if certain principles are followed, the probability of a story achieving a modicum of greatness increases dramatically.

Conscious Media: Part 5
by Pamela Jaye Smith
In this 5th part of the Conscious Media series, Pamela Jaye Smith reveals
The Secret Language of Meaning in Media: Symbols & Images.

Conscious Media: Part 4
by Pamela Jaye Smith
In part 4 of the series, Pamela Jaye Smith discusses the 5 ArchePaths and their 3 levels as guides to character creation.

The Curse of Quirky Parentheticals
by Christina Hamlett
Parentheticals in screenplays are not only overused but also misused. Find out how you can make sure you're employing this essential element to your screenplay's best benefit.

Hidden Structures in Great Stories and Their Enormous Power
by James Bonnet
Being familiar with the hidden structure of great stories can help you understand the real source of their power, a profound understanding of yourself, and an equally profound understanding of the world.

Conscious Media: Part 3
by Pamela Jaye Smith
In this Part Three, we look at how you can use what's called The Path of Initiation both for character exposure-and-development and for story setting and structure.

Your Rewrite: 3 Angles of Attack
by William M. Akers
After your idea, rewriting is the single most important thing. If you’ve got a good idea, no matter how lousy your first draft is, you can fix it!

Conscious Media: Part 2
by Pamela Jaye Smith
Conscious Media is Transformative Media. What is that? And how can you create it? Let expert Pamela Jaye Smith show you how.

Conscious Media: Part 1
by Pamela Jaye Smith
In this first part in a series on Conscious Media, Pamela Jaye Smith defines what it means and then explores some classic paradigms used by myth-makers to create the stories we return to again and again.

15 Do-It-Yourself Tools to Promote Your Book
by Tony Levelle
No matter what kind of book you’ve written, there are many ways to reach your audience. Each of the DIY tools listed here are low or no-cost, and each of them works in its own way.

Animation and the Art of Action-Based Storytelling
by Ellen Besen
Animation is more than just talking animals, and much of what makes it work is not obvious on the surface. There are a number of key components which lie at the heart of animation and one of the most important is its special relationship with action.

How to Win a Film Grant
by Carole Lee Dean
Documentary film funding starts with a well-written, organized proposal. Let Carole Lee Dean, founder of the Roy W. Dean Grant Foundation, show you how to get started.

The End is the Beginning
by Martha Alderson, M.A.
The beginning of any entertaining and well-crafted story tells as much about where we are headed as to where we will be at the end. This means that until you write the end you will not truly know the beginning.

The Storywheel
by James Bonnet
James Bonnet introduces the Storywheel, which brings all the different types of story together into one grand design.

The Toughest Part: Getting Started
by Ken Rotcop
Using a quirky Q&A format, Ken Rotcop lets us in on his secret for starting - and completing - a screenplay.

Surefire Formula for Writing Success
by Gene Perret
Let comedy writing legend Gene Perret show you the way to writing success.

The Screenwriter's Vision
by Christopher Kenworthy
If you really want your screenplay to stand out from the crowd, you need an understanding of how ideas and scenes are translated to the screen by a director.

Keeping Your Writing Resolutions
by Christina Hamlett
Remember when you promised yourself this time last year (or was it the year before?) that you’d really get serious about your writing? If the s(c)ales still aren’t tipping in your favor, there’s no time like the present to trim the distractions that are keeping you from the keyboard

The Coming Age of Story
by James Bonnet
We are entering an age of story where knowing what they actually are and how to create them may well be the most valuable knowledge a person can possess. In such a world, unbounded opportunities will exist for skilled storymakers and others with a profound knowledge of the art.

Planning an Unscripted Documentary
by Tony Levelle
How do you make a documentary when you have no script? Let expert Tony Levelle show you how.

Do It Right, Period
by Pamela Jaye Smith
The Duchess was such a disppointment. Though the wigs were beyond fabulous and the sets stunningly gorgeous and aristocratically dignified, the characters were flat, their dialogue practically non-existent, and their emotions understandably absent given the dearth of any context for the story.

Shamanic Screenwriting
by Mary Trainor-Brigham, M.A.
Shamans were the first master storytellers. As the preeminent narrators of our age, screenwriters can share in this venerable heritage.

Excerpt from "Your Screenplay Sucks!: 100 Ways to Make it Great"
by William M. Akers
Beginning screenwriters tend to make the same mistakes when writing their first scripts. Here's a checklist to run your screenplay through before you send it out.

Can Movies Make a Difference?
by Catherine Ann Jones
As you know, many seem to want more from today’s films and television. If this is so, then why are we getting the films we are?

Musings on the Art of Cinematography
by David Worth
Imagine being able to learn about something as complex as the Art of Cinematography in only half an hour or a weekend. Isn’t that what we all want today, in our new millennium, instant gratification world of the Internet, High Def, GoogleEarth and YouTube?

Hell is Other People: A Look Back at Goodfellas
by Robin Russin
'Goodfellas' is a film that offers no easy answers, just uneasy alternatives. It provides a multi-layered, skillful example of how to break the mold and get it right.

Based on a True Story
by Christina Hamlett
Reality, it seems, has become a popular excuse to go light on substance and even lighter on the rules that constitute a marketable film. Here’s a look at how and why these impassioned attempts to make Art imitate Life repeatedly unravel.

Connecting with Audiences Through Character Emotions
by Martha Alderson
Moviegoers and readers identify with stories through the characters. The most powerful way to reach an audience is through the characters’ emotions. For only when we connect with the characters on an emotional level, does the interaction become deep and meaningful.

Writing Successful Query Letters
by Susan Kouguell
Query letters must have punch to entice the recipient to want to read your screenplay now. Your enthusiasm and passion about your project must shine through in your query.

Breaking In - Through Hollywood's Back Door
by Dave Trottier
Here are 21 platforming strategies that you can use to give your career momentum and direction. Success in any of these can lead to more successes until you are recognized as the next great screenwriter.

Choosing the Right Idea for a Film or Book
by Tony Levelle
Whether you are writing a book or making a movie, choosing the right idea for your project is crucial. Only an idea that truly inspires you will support your getting to the finish line.

Finding your Mentor
by Chris Soth
You’re not the first person to write a feature film. Someone’s dealt with these problems and solved them in great style or failed to solve them and made a huge mess of everything. Either way, you learn.

Filmmaking: A Mutual Adventure
by Richard Pepperman
Find out about the collaborative adventure of making films with expert Richard Pepperman.

Taking the Mystery Out of Writing Mysteries
by Dennis Palumbo
Writers often think the most important aspect of a good mystery is the ingenuity of the crime, which is why many writers are scared to death of even trying to write a mystery or thriller. Fear no more.

The Lure of the Dark Side
by Pamela Jaye Smith
Audiences want to find out how characters and things go bad. Learn how to reveal why characters become the way they are: not to excuse their behavior but to get the audience engaged with them.

Writing is Rewriting
by Derek Rydall
Many screenwriters struggle with evaluating their own script. Use these tips from expert Derek Rydall to help you master the ability to analyze your own work.

Narrative Structure and Infinite Creative Possibilities
by James Bonnet
Narrative Structure helps to not only make the story unique, it adds clarity and meaning – and also power and magic.

Paring Down your Script
by Paul Chitlik
Screenplays are minimalist literature. Make every word count, and you’ll improve you chances of getting read and having “recommended” coverage.

How to Get 'Em to Read Your Script
by Ken Rotcop
Keep it short and simple, advises expert Ken Rotcop. And send 'em the first 10 pages of your script!

How Little Red Riding Hood Made Me a Writer
by Christopher Keane
The story of Little Red Riding Hood taught screenwriter Christopher Keane much about character development. Here he shows how you too can take a valuable lesson from the classic short story.

Moral Storytelling
by John Truby
Recently, a very different model of storytelling has appeared. These stories often frame a character’s lifetime, and instead of going for a single emotional hit, the writers weave a detailed and complex moral accounting.

The Rules of Series TV
by Pamela Douglas
In this excerpt from Writing the TV Drama Series: Second Edition, Pamela Douglas gives you some new rules for writing television that have changed significantly in just the past couple of years.

Genre Blending: The Romance of Adventure, and the Adventure of Romance
by Stuart Voytilla
You can broaden your storytelling and surprise audience expectations by blending genres. Let genre expert Stuart Voytilla show you how.

Preparations & Consequences: Ways to Incorporate Emotion into the Plot
by Linda Cowgill
Writers can intensify a story’s momentum and heighten the audience’s emotional involvement in the film through sequences of preparation and consequences.

The Use of Flashbacks
by Syd Field
Wondering how (and if) to incorporate flashbacks in your screenplay? Let master teacher Syd Field show you how.

And the Best Screenplay Goes To: An Excerpt from Dr. Linda Seger's New Book
by Dr. Linda Seger
What Makes an Academy Award Nominated Script? While award-winning writers know their art and their craft, there are other elements that seem to be true for a film to be Academy Award-worthy. In this excerpt from her latest book, Dr. Linda Seger discusses the elements of an award-winning script.

How to Use Shot Headings
by Christopher Riley
A little knowledge about how the pros use shot headings will go a long way toward equipping you to make a professional impression with every page you write. Expert Chris Riley shows you how.

Scenes to Cut, Those to Save
by Martha Alderson, M.A.
Most writers end up writing at least twice as many scenes as needed to produce a compelling story. One skill that defines a good writer is the ability to know which scenes to keep and which ones to kill off.

The Tragedy, Mystery and Romance of Genre
by James Bonnet
How are drama, romance, tragedy, comedy and black comedy differentiated, given that they all have the same underlying structure? In this article, James Bonnet guides you through the elements of genre.

Writing in Restaurants 2007
by Jonathan Dorf
Feast on a five-course meal of writing tips as Jon Dorf introduces you to some of his latest restaurant favorites.

The Character Web
by John Truby
To create great characters, think of all your characters as part of a web, in which each helps define the others. To put it another way, a character is often defined by who he is not.

How NOT to Enter a Screenwriting Contest
by Brad Schreiber
Based on his experience judging screenwriting and playwriting contests, Brad Schreiber presents a checklist for how NOT to win a writing contest!

The Moment of Clarity
by Blake Snyder
The Moment of Clarity is that part of every story where the hero realizes what the journey has been about. Understanding the importance of that moment is the secret weapon of anyone who writes “Fade In.”

Going Beyond Just Writing
by Sheldon Bull
In this new world of hand-held cameras and wi-fi, your best chance of being discovered as a writer may be through new media. Why not try posting on You Tube or performing in a one-person show?

Dreams on Spec
by Daniel Snyder
What drives a person to pursue screenplay dreams in Hollywood, despite constant strife, rejection and pain? Documentary filmmaker Daniel Snyder explores the dedication it takes to pursue screenwriting success.

The Way of Story
by Catherine Ann Jones
Like dreams, creativity arises from the unconscious. We have to create an empty space in our conscious minds for the unconscious to emerge with its gifts. This is the way. The Way of Story.

Finding and Developing New Ideas
by Rona Edwards and Monika Skerbelis
Learning how to spot potential stories, knowing how to use those stories as a springboard for a bigger, more dramatic story, and then learning how to take dramatic license to develop those ideas into cohesive films for television and motion pictures is a practice.

Plot Reversals Shown in Scene
by Martha Alderson
Reversals play out in three major plot threads: Dramatic Action, Character Emotional Development, and the Thematic Significance. In other words, a story presents challenges that force a character to rethink her views and show what the ultimate transformation means overall.

Your Mind is the Key to Your Success
by Carole Lee Dean
Henry Ford said, “If you think you can, or if you think you can’t, you’re right.” He knew that the mind is a key component to success. Are you using your mind to fund your film?

A Dash of Style: The Period, Part 4
by Noah Lukeman
In this, the final installment of the analysis of the period, we’ll continue examining the pivotal role of context, and take a look at what your usage of the period might reveal about you.

A Dash of Style: The Period, Part 3
by Noah Lukeman
In last month’s installment of my book A Dash of Style: The Art and Mastery of Punctuation, we discussed a few of the potential dangers of overusing the period. In this month’s installment, we’ll examine a few of the dangers of underuse, and also begin to look at the role of context in punctuation.

The Metaphor is King
by James Bonnet
The metaphor reveals the underlying universal structure, which needs to be expressed and revealed, and is used to create the world of your story.

Why You Don't Need an Agent - Yet
by Sheldon Bull
An agent is unlikely to be the person who opens doors for you. An agent can be a huge help after the doors are open, but you’re probably going to have to figure out how to unlock them yourself, perhaps with the help of a generous tutor.

Creative License vs. Creative Arrangement
by Sheila Curran Bernard
Nonfiction filmmakers can’t take creative license with factual stories, but instead must limit their artistry to what media historian Erik Barnouw described as the creative arrangement of factual material. What’s the difference?

A Dash of Style: The Period, part 2
by Noah Lukeman
In last month’s excerpt from my book, 'A Dash of Style: The Art and Mastery of Punctuation,' we discussed different ways to use the period. This time, we’ll examine a few of the dangers of overuse.

Special Effects: The Swiss Army Knife of Filmmaking
by Michael Slone
Special effects have moved from the fringes of filmmaking to the center. Technology has erased the boundaries, upped the ante, and changed the rules. No longer do we have to think outside the box, there is no box. So how does this relate to the beginner and independent filmmaker?

Finding Inspiration in the Cookie Aisle
by Christina Hamlett
The neighborhood grocery store is a 24/7 milieu that’s stocked daily with ripe romance, fresh frenzies, and seasoned synergy. Use Christina Hamlett's tips and tricks for observing all sorts of potential stories in your neighborhood food mart.

A Dash of Style: The Period
by Noah Lukeman
Some authors used the period frequently while others were sparing. Why? Does punctuation, in general, really have enough of an impact to warrant the toil of master authors? The answer is yes.

Archetypes for Writers
by Jennifer Van Bergen
Start incorporating the archetype method in your stories, and you'll find your writing will reach a whole new level.

When a Scene Just Won't Do
by Martha Alderson, M.A.
When stories take place over a long time span, one scene cannot always cause the next scene to unfold. In order that the story not become episodic, the use of summary becomes paramount.

Opening Your Art
by Derek Rydall
As writers and filmmakers, we have to fight a never-ending battle for our art. And the only enemy we ever truly have to face is “the enemy within our own household.” There is a strategy though - and it begins with healing the artist within.

The Eight Steps to a Powerful Pitch
by Michael Hauge
In most cases, you've only got a minute to sell a producer on your script. Sound impossible? With Michael Hauge's Eight Steps to a Powerful Pitch, you'll knock 'em dead at your next pitch opportunity.

The Fatal Flaw – The Most Essential Element for Bringing Characters to Life
by Dara Marks
The fatal flaw is a struggle within a character to maintain a survival system long after it has outlived its usefulness. In this engrossing excerpt from her book, 'Inside Story: The Power of the Transformational Arc,' expert Dara Marks explains how you can use this principle in your own writing.

Bulletproof your Script against Reader Rejection
by Derek Rydall
There are are a handful of key things that readers look for when judging a script - things other than overall storytelling - things that get you rejected, or seriously discredited, before they even get into the heart of your script. Expert Derek Rydall delves into a few of the basics.

View from the Distribution Side
by Phil Hall
In his new book, Independent Film Distribution, film journalist Phil Hall offers an unflinching look into the world of independent film distribution. In the excerpt below, Phil interviews expert Gregory Hatanaka, who provides a bevy of insider tips for filmmakers seeking a distribution deal.

A Script by Any Other Name? The Sale is Just as Sweet
by Christina Hamlett
Even if you’re reluctant just now to entertain the idea of an alternative home for your plots, the following tips may help identify why you haven’t gotten past the starting gate.

Characters Make the Plot
by Martha Alderson, M.A.
Storytelling involves more than lining up the action pieces, arranging them in a logical order and then drawing conclusions. Yes, dramatic action pulls moviegoers to the edge of their seats. And yes, conflict, tension, suspense and curiosity hook moviegoers. Yet, no matter how exciting the action, the character's emotional development provides the real fascination.

Lean and Mean: Using Reverse Cause and Effect to Construct a Tight Script
by Jeff Kitchen
Creating a tight sequence of cause and effect is a great way to get at the essence of a story. A dramatic plot in any genre should tend to have good cause and effect such that the first event causes the second, which causes the third, and so on through to the ending. Then you have a good forward flow and you eliminate dead spots that can lose your audience.

Nature as Mythic Storyteller
by Jennifer van Sijll
Films that last often have a mythic quality. The lessons learned in these films carry a universal authority that seems to transcend man. In order to achieve this mythic stature, writers turn to elements they can exploit that are organic to their stories. One element that is often used is nature.

The Secret Language of Great Stories
by James Bonnet
Great stories and dreams are among the more important visual metaphors. They are symbolic languages. And their expression in great stories is intimately linked to the source of our creativity.

Breaking the Screenwriting Rules
by Howard Suber
Everybody in Hollywood knows the top three rules of screenwriting:

1. Write what you know.
2. Films must have a happy ending.
3. Films must have three acts.

But few people know what these rules all have in common:

They are all wrong.

Goals Define the Plot
by Martha Alderson, M.A.
In every story plot and movie plot, the protagonist (and for that matter, all of the major characters) has at least one long-term goal in the story, and one small goal or more in every scene. Goals give definition to the overall story that unfolds moment-by-moment in scene.

Say Goodbye to Writer's Block: Introducing the Moral Premise
by Stan Williams, Ph.D
What is the moral premise? It's quite a simple concept, actually. Perhaps that's the problem. Many of us, when we write, want to create involved complex stories, and we forget that even in an ensemble piece, successful movies, most novels, and all stage plays, are really about only ONE thing. Learn what that is with expert Stan Williams.

Using Contrasts to Spice Up an Animation Script
by Jean Ann Wright
Does your animation script seem a little flat? Be honest. The problem could be that you haven’t included enough contrasts in your script. Variety is just as important in a script as it is in a gourmet feast.

13 Things Bad Screenwriters Commonly Do
by Brad Schreiber
Applicable to drama or comedy, these obvious faults aren't any laughing matter. As a young screenwriter hoping to open doors with a script, you can metaphorically shoot yourself in the foot. There are simple mistakes that will say to potential investors, agents, producers, distributors, directors and others that you are not quite ready to enter the world of screenwriting.
Here is summary of those disasters waiting to happen, regardless of the type of film.

A Dash of Style - Part Four
by Noah T. Lukeman
In last week’s installment of my book, 'A Dash of Style: The Art and Mastery of Punctuation,' we began to discuss ways that quotation marks might be misused. In this final installment, we’ll examine this issue in depth, and also look at the power of quotation marks when used in context with other punctuation.

Cinematic Storytelling: Dynamic Metaphors
by Jennifer van Sijll
Extended metaphors, those that run alongside a character or plotline, can carry a great deal of the story load. They can enter a scene with stealth or a loud bang. They have an elasticity that allows the writer to add a layer of signifying pictures that is closest in analogy to laying a track of visual music.

A Dash Of Style - Part Three
by Noah T. Lukeman
In the last installment of my book, A Dash of Style: The Art and Mastery of Punctuation, we continued to discuss ways to use (or not use) quotation marks. In this installment, we’ll look in depth at examples from literary masters; we’ll also begin to discuss how quotation marks can be misused.

How the Great Myths and Legends Were Created
by James Bonnet
The author of the great myths and legends is inside you. You can get in touch with that source and make that precious knowledge and the power that goes with it, come alive in your work. If you combine that power with a contemporary realism and character, you can create superpowerful stories that have a significant impact on the world.

Character-Driven or Action-Driven?
by Martha Alderson, M.A.
Martha Alderson offers a test to see whether you are stronger at developing Character Emotional Development plotlines or Dramatic Action plotlines, and advice on how to strengthen your weak writing points.

Excerpt from A Dash of Style
by Noah T. Lukeman
Noah Lukeman discusses the power of quotation marks in this excerpt from his new book, A Dash of Style.

The Lost Language of Story
by Chris Soth
What is an act? Why is the second act twice as long as the first and the third? And if page length or count isn’t the defining aspect of an act, then what is? That hardly seems like a standard unit of measure. Yes, it corresponds roughly to “beginning, middle and end,” but how useful is it in guiding us in the completion of our story?

Writing Great Dialogue
by Rob Tobin
Great dialogue does not come from having a good ear for dialogue. It does not come from having some innate gift or talent for writing dialogue. It comes from this: knowing your characters so well that you know what they will say and how they will say it when faced with specific people, situations or events.

Cinematic Storytelling: Writing for the Unconscious
by Jennifer van Sijll
The Case of The Sixth Sense

One has to wonder what Freud would have said, seated in a modern day Cineplex while watching the final credits of M. Night Shyamalan’s extraordinary film, The Sixth Sense. It’s hard to imagine a greater homage to Freud’s concept of the unconscious than its deft exploitation in one of the 20th century’s greatest suspense films.

A Dash of Style - a new book
by Noah T. Lukeman
Punctuation is boring, dry and only for grammar geeks, right? Wrong! In this excerpt from his new book, A Dash of Style, Noah Lukeman shares the subtle secrets of punctuation that make your work clear, articulate and easy to read.

Your Agent or You - Who's Working Here?
by Nancy Rainford
Not all agents are the right agents all of the time. The ideal agent is the agent who’s right for you, right now, under these circumstances and in this particular phase of your career.

How to Keep Your Story From Stalling
by Jonathan Dorf
Telling a great story has always been the key to writing a saleable screenplay or a play that everyone wants to produce—and it’s always been the hardest thing to get right. No matter how many car chases or dramatic screaming matches your script may have, if the story stalls, you’re going to lose your audience. Want to know the single biggest story staller there is?

The Man who Yelled 'Save the Cat!'
by Blake Snyder
The “Save the Cat!” scene is that moment when the hero does something that makes us like him. Its purpose is obvious - when we like the hero and can relate to him, we’ll be rooting to see him win.

Teens Can Make Films - Can You?
by Troy Lanier and Clay Nichols
When the barrier to filmmaking began to lower with the introduction of digital cameras and editing software, the first group clambering over, en masse, was teenagers. Tired of waiting for a studio to take your work, rewrite it and give it to somebody else to direct? Act like a teen, and pull off your own shorts.

Cinematic Storytelling and Directing the Director
by Jennifer van Sijll
Let’s assume you have a great story. You’ve got a great hook, premise, structure, theme and characters. Despite these necessary qualities, it’s still anyone’s guess if you’ve got a great screenplay. Why? Because having a great story is only half the job. To get to the finish line, you also need a story that’s rendered cinematically.

Formatting Scripts to Sell: Advanced format and style tips that can turn a good script into a great read
by Christopher Riley
Before a film or television script can fulfill its destiny in front of cameras and on screens around the world, it must first succeed as a piece of literature, a document that captivates the reader before it delights the viewer. A style of screenwriting that gets itself out of the way and allows the story to spring to life in the reader’s imagination shows a writer has mastered the tools of script formatting.

The Novel vs. the Screenplay: a Tough Love Guide for Talented Writers
by James Bonnet
This article can be appreciated by all writers and filmmakers but will be of special interest to writer / storymakers who are trying to decide where to best invest their creative energies and talents – the novel or the screenplay.

Taking the Stage
by Susan Merson
There comes a time when the actor or writer must broaden his self-definition and take on the job of finding out what matters to him. What do you passionately care about? What is important enough to move you to risk? Dive in and try the solo performance.

What's Hot in Hollywood?
by Michael Hauge
Reader Lauren from Memphis, TN asks I have a quirky movie that does not fit into any standard genre. How do I sell it? And what's hot in Hollywood now? Screenwriting expert Michael Hauge Responds.

How to Make your Pitch Stand Out
by Pilar Alessandra
Reader Loretta from Roseville, CA asks I only have a short time to pitch my idea. How do I make my screenplay idea stand out from the rest? Script Consultant Pilar Alessandra answers.

High Concept Defined Once and For All
by Steve Kaire
High Concept is a term that’s been confused, misunderstood and misused by writers for decades. The common belief is that it’s any movie that can be pitched in one sentence. But there's much more to the High Concept script. Screenwriter Steve Kaire defines the term, once and for all.

What's Your Sign? Selling More Scripts Through Personality Typecasting
by Marisa D’Vari
Lack of real, empathetic characters is the leading reason why agents and production executives pass on scripts. In today’s competitive market, it is imperative to create the kind of full-bodied characters that mesmerize gatekeepers and bump your script up to the next level.

Minor Characters Don't Need Major Introductions
by Christina Hamlett
Many screenwriters love to ascribe first and last names, physical characteristics, specific ages and ethnicities, poignant backgrounds, latent talents, and aspirations to very minor characters. The rest of us see it as unnecessary clutter. Here’s why.


Create Scenes That Sizzle – 7 Essential Elements
by Martha Alderson, M.A.
Every high point in a story must be played out in scene on the page, moment-by-moment in real time. The technique of slowing things down forces the stakes in a story ever higher. At the same time, the stakes also rise for the writer. Many beginning writers hide from the pressure of creating scenes by relying on summary. These same writers hold the mistaken belief that they can control things better by 'telling' what happens rather than by 'showing' what happens in a scene. Consider, instead, the idea that by breaking down each scene to its smallest parts you retain control.

Five Reasons Why Writing Plays Can Make You a Better Screenwriter
by Jonathan Dorf
Despite the obvious differences in the final product, playwriting and screenwriting are closely related forms of dramatic writing. Want to improve your screenwriting? Here are five reasons why writing plays will help you.

The Three Paragraph Rule - An Excerpt from "How to Write a Great Query Letter"
by Noah T. Lukeman
Writers feel the need to cram their query letters with information, to widen the margins, lengthen the page, even take several pages. They go on about their plot, their biography, they become personal, start up a one way conversation. It is a huge mistake, says Noah Lukeman. 'Less is More.'

The Powers of Myth
by Pamela Jaye Smith
It’s said that every “real” myth is true on at least seven levels. So, no matter your genre or your style, more than likely some aspect of your story is directly related to a myth. The more you play that up - within the context of your story and in an organic way - the more the inherent powers of myth will enhance your project.

The Middle: Meddlesome or Mythical?
by Martha Alderson, M.A.
No matter how you justify it, going back to the beginning and starting over again is an affliction that can add months and even years to the writing time of a project. In the advanced stages, interrupting the forward flow in the Middle and starting over again has killed many-a-worthy project. Rather than hide from the unknown, do what the pros do.

The High Concept Advantage to Selling Screenplays
by Steve Kaire
Writer Steve Kaire explains why 'High Concept' projects sell for more money than non-High Concept projects and why the High Concept approach can cut years off a Film and TV writer’s selling time.

The Short Attention Span Screenwriter
by D.B. Gilles
The majority of us are Short Attention Span Screenwriters. For one reason or another (or several) we’re writing, but without enough focus. I’ve broken it down to ten reasons. If you’re lucky only one of these will apply. Three or four seems to be the norm.

What’s Wrong With The Three Act Structure
by James Bonnet
The three act structure is the arbitrary division of the principal action of a story into a number of parts – a legacy from the theatre and applicable today only to the theatre or television shows which have commercial breaks.

The Importance of the Journey - Part Six
by Noah T. Lukeman
The problem with resolving a journey is that the reader feels he has taken a ride, the ride is over, and he can now walk away. One way around this is to create journeys that offer resolve, yet also, by their very nature, spark new journeys, like a roller coaster ride that seems to end with a false dip but then rises again, to even greater heights.

Creating a Hero - American Style
by Kate Wright
By studying the themes and content of the top highest grossing 20 films, I discovered that the films are all American-made, but more importantly, I noticed what unites them as films is that their content represents and conveys three transcendent elements that characterize the greatest film stories ever told and the story of America itself: Freedom, Justice, Truth.

Protecting your Script
by Evan Smith
Cars are insured, money can be borrowed, and, okay, a good parking space can be worth quite a bit, but to have someone steal your script? Your baby? Ouch. That’s not only damaging, it’s personal.

The Importance of the Journey - Part Five
by Noah T. Lukeman
There are many outside influences that affect the course of a traditional journey, including Obstacles, Destiny and Interdependent Journeys.

Hollywood's Best Kept Secret: The Expanded Scene Breakdown
by Christopher Keane
What is Hollywood's Best Kept Screenwriting Secret? Answer: The Expanded Scene Breakdown. What is the Expanded Scene Breakdown? It's the middle step between the story development stage and the script itself.

The Importance of the Journey - Part Four
by Noah T. Lukeman
There are other influences that can impact a character’s journey, other issues to keep in mind that can have equal weight on his path and destination. Let us consider a few of them.

Why the Heck are we in this Business?
by The Brothers Heimberg
The Brothers Heimberg impart tales and advice gleaned from their experience in Hollywood.

The Importance of the Journey - Part Three
by Noah T. Lukeman
One of the seven surface journeys may not have the timeless impact of one of the three profound journeys, yet the surface journey adds an immediate arc to a work, and most importantly, to a character’s journey. In our struggle to create a strong character and a strong journey for him, these highly visible markers can help point the way and give the reader the grounding he needs.

Tales from the Digital Frontier: Breakthroughs in Storytelling
by Carolyn Handler Miller
As writers, we are practitioners of an ancient art: the art of storytelling. The new type of narrative made possible by advanced technology is “digital storytelling,' an exciting new form that allows the audience to interact with the story.

The Importance of the Journey - Part Two
by Noah T. Lukeman
Novels and screenplays are ultimately short mediums. We have only 300 pages or two hours to create a character, show him journey, change, and come out a new character. This is hard enough. How is one to achieve all that in such a quick period of time and also not make it seem hurried? The surface journey can be instrumental in this regard.

The Importance of the Journey - Part One
by Noah T. Lukeman
As you begin to tell your story, the first thing you’ll find is that it is not about giving away information, but about withholding it. The information itself is never as important as the path you take in disseminating it.

Be the Writer You Want to Be Now
by Michael Lent
We have to carry ourselves as the writer we aspire to be BEFORE we put pen to paper, fingers to keyboard, before we pick up that phone to set up our meeting.

Breaking into Television Writing
by Lee Goldberg
Everybody’s story is unique. Most of those stories, however, share one common element. You have to put yourself in the right place to get your lucky break. And it’s easier than you think.

Blockbuster Plots by Threes
by Martha Alderson, M.A.
Plot comes in threes: Character Emotional Development, Dramatic Action, and Thematic Significance. Story Structure comes in threes: the Beginning, the Middle and the End. Each of the three plot lines deepens each part of the story structure. Each of the story parts grows into the whole.

Writing the Action Script
by John Truby
Action films are deceptive in a number of ways. Many people think Action movies lack character, plot and theme, but they're mistaken. The best Action films have deep stories, complex characters and a profound effect on the audience.

The Playwright's Guide to Submitting Smarter: A Baker’s Dozen Tips to Maximize Your Chances and Minimize Your Aggravation
by Jonathan Dorf
Submitting a play is time-consuming, the costs add up, and the odds are against you, but you can sell your work ifyou submit smarter. Here's how.

Dare to Dream - Write Anyway!
by Marilyn Beker
Writing dreams keep us going when times get tough; during those times when we wonder why we are writing at all; when everyone else tells us we should be doing anything else but writing.

Until Life (Plus 70) Do Us Part – The Writer's Prenup
by Larry Zerner, Esq.
Any writer who has worked with a partner knows that a collaboration is like a marriage, and like a marriage, issues of money, control, separation and custody should be discussed and agreed to in advance.

The Real Key to a Writer's Success
by James Bonnet
We all know how incredibly hard it is to get a screenplay produced. We have all heard talk about all the great scripts out there that never got made. And that might be true. But why is it true? If you have a professionally crafted screenplay, one with obvious commercial potential, which has never been produced, the real problem might be that someone got discouraged and dropped the ball. After your work is of a professional quality, perseverance is the key to success.

Securing Representation
by Marc Hernandez
A recurring question writers ask me is “how do I go about getting representation by an agent and/or a manager?” Representation by someone who passionately believes in the writer, someone who provides access to production companies and the studios and, hopefully, gets the writer’s material read and sold is every writer’s dream.

What Do I Do When Someone Wants To Option My Screenplay?
by Jonathan Treisman
One of the best phone calls a writer can receive is when someone calls and wants to option his or her screenplay! Now what happens?

John Truby's Comic Journey
by John Truby
Comedy poses a unique problem for anyone wanting to write a blockbuster. A true blockbuster is one with worldwide appeal. The studio has to be able to sell it outside the United States. Action stories and myth stories travel very well, because they are two genres based on a universal language. But comedy is notoriously stuck in its home of origin. What is funny in the US may not be funny in Germany, Italy and Japan.

The Five S's of Screenwriting
by Kate Wright
Powerful characters help us understand our lives, their stories reflect our core values as human beings. But how do we create these ideas and feelings as a story for the big screen? How can we be certain that a screenplay delivers the maximum impact, both emotionally, and as entertainment? Here are five steps from the trenches – the Five S’s of Screenwriting – that invite you into the process: 1) Story 2) Storytelling 3) Structure 4) Sequences and 5) Spine.

Documentary Storytelling: The Drama of Real Life
by Sheila Curran Bernard
Documentary filmmakers, no less than dramatic screenwriters, strive to tell strong, often character-driven stories that have a beginning, middle and end, with something at stake, rising tension, and a narrative arc that keeps viewers actively engaged. Unlike dramatists, however, nonfiction filmmakers can’t invent characters and plot points, but must instead find them in the raw material of real life.

The Theft of Time
by Dennis Palumbo
For most writers, time is exactly that thing they can’t seem to get enough of. Certainly not without carving it out for themselves, strenuously hewing a private space for their writing from a dense forest of financial and familial duties. Most writers understand that they must somehow demand the time to write; that, in many ways, writing is a “job” like any other, requiring diligence, constancy and commitment. But getting others to understand this is not always so easy.

Did You Hear The One -- ?
by D.B. Gilles
One morning you wake up and decide to give comedy writing a shot. You narrow it down to the form you feel will be the best fit. Stand up? No. That involves performing. Sketch writing? With only a handful of venues on the tube, you know there aren’t that many opportunities to break in. Besides, writing sketches isn’t your thing.

Gatsby: The Great American Story
by John Truby
The Great Gatsby is a true Great American novel. What is even more amazing is that F. Scott Fitzgerald did it in little more than a short story.

How did he do it? Essentially, he wrote a Great American Story. Fitzgerald was able to create what may be the fundamental story structure of 20th Century America and weave together a number of characters that each express a different take on the problem that the structure exposes.

StoryWeaving - Avoiding the Genre Trap
by Melanie Anne Phillips
A common misconception sees genre as a fixed list of dramatic requirements or a rigid structural template from which there can be no deviation. Writers laboring under these restrictions often find themselves boxed-in creatively. They become snared in the Genre Trap, cranking out stories that are indistinguishable from a whole crop of their contemporaries

Writing in Restaurants Revisited
by Jonathan Dorf
I wrote the original Writing in Restaurants for the eZine nearly two years ago. But dining out is still one of my favorite things to do. And, of course, so is writing. So it seemed only fitting to revisit 'Writing in Restaurants' with some new restaurant suggestions and writing tips designed to help you, whether you write plays or screenplays, take your script to the next level.

Truby on Structure: Cold Mountain
by John Truby
John Truby, screenwriting teacher, software developer and workshop leader gives us his spin on the pitfalls of three recent movies: Mystic River, Runaway Jury and Intolerable Cruelty. He bases his opinions on his 22-Step theory of structure and his vehemence that knowing your genre makes or breaks your story.

Expert Article: The Art of Plotting
by Linda Cowgill
For many people plot is the same thing as structure. Both deal with designing the story, creating relationships between its elements and developing how action builds to a climax. When you structure a film story, you're working out the plot to discover the best way of telling it.

Top Ten Reasons to Write with a Partner
by Claudia Johnson & Matt Stevens
Want to double your chance for success in this business? If so, we strongly suggest you write with a partner. Yes, you have to find the right person, and when you start selling your scripts, you’ll split the money, but we, and the successful script partners we’ve talked to, agree that the advantages of sharing the writing far outweigh the disadvantages of sharing the bottom line. It would take a book (and we wrote it!) to explore all the reasons to write with a partner, so we’ve assembled the consensus Top Ten.

Approaching Character: The Circle of Being
by Syd Field
I began thinking about what tools I could create that would benefit the writer. I turned back to my acting days, and remembered when I was doing stage work in LA and San Francisco, some of the exercises I did when I was writing a character biography. I remembered when I was being mentored by the great French Film Director, Jean Renoir, and created an exercise that isolated a major event in my character’s life that impacted him when he was very young.

PASSION: Without It, Forget It
by Christopher Keane
For a new screenwriter, the only way to tear down the Hollywood barriers is to burn them down with your passion. Your passion for the story and for the characters who drive it. Without Passion, your script is no more than a tinker toy network of rules and regulations, plot points and pinwheels, bare architectural bones which no one wants to see, or make.

Getting Started in L.A.
by Larry Brody
Just as you can’t be a cowboy if you live in the Bronx, you can’t be a TV writer if you don’t live in L.A. It’s not a freelance business anymore. You’ve got to go where the Industry is. And why wouldn’t you want to? What’s better than living in a place where no one mocks your dream because everyone shares it? Where the desire for stardom is part and parcel of life? Where on every street you can find someone who’s tried what you want to try - and succeeded?


Beyond Theme: Story’s New Unified Field - Part III
by James Bonnet
The unifying forces we examined so far are: (1) The Value Being Pursued, (2) The Problem, (3) The Threat, (4) The Anti-threat, (5) The Entity Being Transformed, (6) The Hero's Profession, (7) The Principal Action, and finally, (8) The Dominant Plot. It is this action that gives the story it’s genre.
The next source of unity is The Dominant Trait. The dominant trait is a dominant character trait or quality which the character personifies. Every truly great character has a dominant trait that has been isolated and taken to the quintessential.

The Emotional and Psychological World of You and Your Characters
by Rachel Ballon, Ph.D.
Emotions are the lifeblood of characters and of stories. Without emotional characters, you are just writing events, but you’re not drawing your audience into your story. To be a successful writer, you want to create emotional characters so your audience will become emotionally involved with them. It’s important for readers and viewers to become completely engrossed in the emotional world of your characters.


Be a Story Weaver - NOT a Story Mechanic
by Melanie Anne Phillips
Too many writers fall into the trap of making Structure their Story God. There’s no denying that structure is important, but paying too much attention to structure can destroy your story. We have all seen movies and read novels that feel like “paint by numbers” creations. Sure, they hit all the marks and cover all the expected relationships, but they seem stilted, uninspired, contrived, and lifeless.

The Power And Importance Of Human Connection To A Great Screenplay
by Claudia Johnson
Conflict has shaped the way that we think about drama and the way that we think to shape it. In Writing Great Screenplays for Film and TV, Dona Cooper offers a new improved metaphor for the screenplay — a roller coaster. It’s a rollicking image, more energetic and imaginative than most I have found in screenwriting books, but the author’s graphic depiction — action that rises and rises and rises then falls — is merely a remake of a nineteenth century model, Freitag’s Pyramid (conflict, crisis, and resolution), which keeps cropping up in all kinds of books about writing, including former editions of Janet Burroway’s Writing Fiction. But Janet — a friend and colleague — was increasingly uncomfortable, too, with this conflict-bound way of seeing the story. Other writers, most of them women, were also uneasy.


Truby On Structure: Mystic River, Runaway Jury & Intolerable Cruelty
by John Truby
John Truby, screenwriting teacher, software developer and workshop leader gives us his spin on the pitfalls of three recent movies: Mystic River, Runaway Jury and Intolerable Cruelty. He bases his opinions on his 22-Step theory of structure and his vehemence that knowing your genre makes or breaks your story.

Beyond Theme: Story’s New Unified Field - Part II
by James Bonnet
In Part I of this series (read Part I here),
I began an examination of the true source of unity in a great story and how that unity can be achieved. I introduced you to four of the elements that can influence that unity and add significantly to the clarity, meaning and power of your work. The unifying forces we examined so far are: The Value Being Pursued, which are the cherished values like life, health, wealth and freedom that we pursue in life as goals;the Problem, which is the central event of the story; the Threat, which is the cause of the problem, and the Anti-threat, which is the protagonist or hero that opposes the threat and solves the problem.

Story Weaving - Story Structure for Passionate Writers
by Melanie Anne Phillips
Audiences and authors come to opposite sides of a story because of their passions - the author driven to express his or hers, and the audience hoping to ignite its own. In this Expert Article Melanie Anne Phillips introduces readers and writers to exercises that will explore the passion on their stories.

Richard Walter's Greatest Hits Or The Reader's Backflip
by Richard Walter
The biggest mistake writers make is: we write too much. The second mistake is: we show our work too soon. Give yourself the time. Writers don’t fail in Hollywood; they merely give up. If you give yourself the time, in terms of getting the script ready and getting the career ready, you will succeed.

Why Story Structure is the Key to Success
by John Truby
There is a system of thought known as the As-If Philosophy. In a nutshell, the As-If Philosophy says: We know we will die, but we act “as if” we will live forever. The ironic result is that our lives are not nearly as fulfilling as they could be. The entertainment industry is a perfect example of the As-If Philosophy. In this article John Truby suggests that you may be wrong about what barriers people face in breaking into the entertainment business.

Beyond Theme: Story’s New Unified Field
by James Bonnet
What is the true source of unity in a great story and how is that unity achieved? According to the dictionary, unity is the state of being one. And today it is generally agreed that a story should be about one thing – but what is that one thing? James Bonnet explains.

Hero is a Four-Letter Word
by Melanie Anne Phillips
In Part One and Two we've seen how both Hero and Villain are actually composed of several different qualities. In this, the third and final part of this article series, Melanie Anne Phillips will show how relatively minor alterations in the stereotypical arrangement of Hero and Villain can open up a new realm of creative opportunities.

Structure and Character - Excerpted with Permission from the Book "Story" - Part One
by Robert McKee
Plot or character? Which is more important? This debate is as old as the art. Aristotle weighed each side and concluded that story is primary, character secondary. His view held sway until, with the evolution of the novel, the pendulum of opinion swung the other way.

Structure and Character - Excerpted with Permission from the Book "Story" - Part Two
by Robert McKee
In the second half of the excerpted chapter on Structure and Character from Robert McKee's book Story we learn that the function of STRUCTURE is to provide progressively building pressures that force characters into more and more difficult dilemmas where they must make more and more difficult risk-taking choices and actions, gradually revealing their true natures, even down to the unconscious self. and that the function of CHARACTER is to bring to the story the qualities of characterization necessary to convincingly act out choices.

Writing Loglines that Sell
by Jonathan Treisman
Pitching your ideas effectively, whether from a script, novel or even your own mind, does not come naturally for most of us. But with a little practice, it can. Once you learn what a 'High Concept Idea' is and how to create exciting story 'Loglines' for your work.

Finding the Right Writing Partner
by Claudia Johnson & Matt Stevens
Some of the greatest movies and TV series have been written by script partners, from Billy Wilder’s legendary collaborations with Charles Brackett and I.A.L. Diamond to the Academy Award-winning work of the Coen Brothers. Each year the list of script partners and their successes grows longer. Why? Because collaborative scriptwriting is one of the most productive and successful ways to write.

Hero is a Four-Letter Word: The Villain
by Melanie Anne Phillips
Part 2 of this popular article series takes a close look at our Cinematic and Literary Villains.

Clint and Meryl vs Matt and Cameron
by D.B. Gilles
If the lead in your story is an “old” guy or “old” woman, you might want to weigh the odds of it ever getting read, let alone made in the current moviemaking environment.

Hero is a Four-Letter Word: Unmasking the Hero
by Melanie Ann Phillips
Perhaps the best-known character type is the Hero. But if you ask a thousand different writers to define a Hero, you'll get a thousand different answers. This article explores the Hero Type and presents several key elements such a character must possess.

The Emotional Pattern of Plot
by Linda Cowgill
When we think of plot we usually think in terms of action. Action is driven by what the characters want and the conflict that stands in their way. So the basic parameters of plot give a story direction and meaning: characters act on their desire, which leads to action, which in turn leads to conflict.

Characterization - The Inner Life
by Noah T. Lukeman
Literary agent and author Noah Lukeman encourages writers to get to know their characters intimately by examining their life stories, knowing their hopes and dreams, their fears and failures – in other words, everything that makes them tick, and therefore makes them unforgettable. This article is an adaptation of Chapter 2 of Noah Lukeman's best-selling book The Plot Thickens: 8 Ways to Bring Fiction to Life

Truby on Structure: About Schmidt
by John Truby
John Truby experiences movies through the eyes of a screenwriting coach. You can never be sure exactly what he thought, but he never has any problem sharing his opinions. Here's Truby on About Schmidt.

From Mailroom to Oscar(R) Winner - Marc Norman
by Frederic T. Dray
He took a thankless job to pay bills for six months while he wrote the next great screenplay. Ten years and 20 jobs later, that great script still eluded him. Thinking about giving up?

Marc Norman persevered. Read his story.

Who Killed Salinger Movies?
by John Truby
We know J.D. Salinger’s views on movies and writing for Hollywood by reading the second page of The Catcher in the Rye. Speaking of his brother, D.B., the hero, Holden Caulfield, says “Now he’s out in Hollywood, D.B., being a prostitute. If there’s one thing I hate, it’s the movies. Don’t even mention them to me.” Where did this come from?

When All That’s Left Is Writing: Turning Anxiety Into Creativity
by Dennis Palumbo
In time of mind-bending stress many creatives feel stripped of their muse by a host of real and imagined threats. People's reactions to this tense environment can cover both ends of the spectrum: some freeze, unable to create and others thrive. In this article psychotherapist Dennis Palumbo doesn’t try to cure our anxiety. He shows us how to USE it.

The Myths of Writer’s Block
by Bruce Holland Rogers
Sometimes, writer’s block is more than just not being able to write; it may be trying to tell you something important. Writer Bruce Holland Rogers talks about the myths of writer’s block. This article is adapted from Rogers' book from Word Work: Surviving and Thriving as a Writer.

Are You Ready for the Marketplace?
by Donie Nelson
Have you written a few scripts? Entered contests? Paid for consultants? What's next for you? Donie Nelson is a veteran consultant for screenwriters, and in this article she offers a checklist to find out if you are ready to meet the pros.

WGAw Registration vs. Copyright Registration
by Larry Zerner ESQ
I have written a couple of scripts and have registered them with the WGA online registry. A friend of mine recently told me that I should also register my scripts with the U.S. Copyright Office to protect them in the event of copyright infringement. Please help!

How The Great Story Does Its Work
by James Bonnet
Myths and fairy tales give us insight into our universal character and teach us lessons about the world. James Bonnet talks about his personal experience with Rumplestiltskin and explores the impact of heroes on our daily lives.

Comedy's Greatest Wish
by Stuart Voytilla
Writing comedy can be serious business, as author Stuart Voytilla points out. In this thought-provoking article, he examines the various forms of comedy –- from slapstick to satire -- and the important role wish fulfillment plays in creating comedic potential.

Gangs Of New York - Truby On Technique
by John Truby
John Truby has strong opinions when it comes to movies. He has earned the right to his opinions during his 20 years of working as story consultant, screen-writing teacher and software developer of Truby's Blockbuster story development software.

Adaptation - Truby on Technique
by John Truby
John Truby has strong opinions when it comes to movies. He has earned the right to his opinions during his twenty years of working as story consultant, screenwriting teacher and software developer of Truby's Blockbuster story development software.

Sneaking Emotional Depth into 'Shrek'
by David S. Freeman
Today’s animated films aren’t just for kids anymore; adults enjoy movies like Shrek and A Bug’s Life for completely different reasons. Workshop leader David Freeman talks about why today’s animated features have such broad appeal.

My Big Fat Greek Wedding - Truby on Technique
by John Truby
John Truby has strong opinions when it comes to movies. He has earned the right to his opinions during his twenty years of working as story consultant, screenwriting teacher and software developer of Truby's Blockbuster story development software.

Outlining Your Script or Story
by Thomas B. Sawyer
In this excerpt from his book Fiction Writing Demystified, author, screenwriter, playwright and novelist Tom Sawyer extols the virtues of Outlining. Whether you’re writing a sitcom or the Great American Novel, outlining will help you organize your ideas, maintain focus and pacing, identify any weaknesses and keep you from wasting precious time once you sit down to write.

The Entrepreneurial Screenwriter: Selling Yourself in Hollywood
by Peter W. Smith
Don’t spend all your time trying to find an agent -– make some waves for yourself. That’s author Peter W. Smith’s advice in this Expert Article.

Plotting Along
by Linda Cowgill
For most people, the terms 'story’ and ‘plot’ are synonymous. People read a book or go to a movie and come away saying, ‘What a great story!’ But the reason the book or film is so affecting is generally because the story has a great plot.

Conquering The High Concept
by James Bonnet
In Hollywood and New York, concept is king. To succeed as a writer or filmmaker, you need more than a skillfully constructed novel or beautifully directed film. You need an idea that will be talked about, generates excitement and compels the right people to get involved. Understanding the High Concept is the key to accomplishing that.

Secrets of Blockbuster Movies Part III - Obstacles
by John Truby
In previous articles, John Truby has discussed the story elements found in most blockbuster films. But what about the obstacles that prevent writers from writing a hit film? These are the misconceptions many writers carry with them that make it almost impossible for them to write a successful script.

Secrets of the 3-Minute Pitch
by Michael Hauge
The opportunities in Hollywood for 20-minute pitch meetings are fairly rare, especially for newer screenwriters. But as soon as you complete your first screenplay, you’ll repeatedly face the challenge of having less than 60 seconds to convince the people in power to read it. Michael Hauge gives you the tools to rivet your listeners and beg you to read your script.

Magnolia: An Appreciation
by Syd Field
Screenwriting is a craft that occasionally rises to the level of an art. An art because there are times when it taps directly into the human heart; a craft because it depends upon form, concept, character and structure. By Syd Field’s estimation, Paul Thomas Anderson’s film 'Magnolia' pushes the form of the screenplay to another level.

A Storyteller's Resolve in the New Year
by Stuart Voytilla
The Roman god, Janus, is often depicted with two opposing faces to see where he's come and where he hopes to go. As we move into the new year, a writer can value this god's symbol. We can reflect upon our personal journey, appreciate its past with its numerous thresholds and acknowledge our individual values that help us determine the stories we need to write.

Unlocking The Power of Story Within You
by James Bonnet
What is the source of our creativity? How can we communicate with that source and use it to unlock the natural storyteller that resides in us all?

Bringing Real People to Life in Memoir
by Kathleen Finneran
In many ways, memoirists have it made. Their plots present themselves wholly realized; characters come fully formed. By using their own lives as subject matter, they are spared the hard work of imagination that fiction writers must bring to their craft. Yet their stories often suffer from the fact that they are too familiar with their stories and characters starting out.

The Plot Thickens -- 8 Ways to Bring Fiction to Life
by Noah T. Lukeman
This excerpt from Noah Lukeman's book The Plot Thickens elaborates on the issue that your characters' perceptions and reactions to circumstances rule over events and circumstances when it comes to shaping your plot.

Dual 'Character Arcs' in 'Erin Brockovich'
by David Freeman
Growth through an emotional fear, limitation, block or wound does not come easily for a character. Usually, the character is forced to grow against his or her will.

Exploring The Dark Side: The Anti-Hero's Journey
by James Bonnet
You have, no doubt, heard of The Hero's Journey. In this article, James Bonnet explores the lesser-known ANTI-hero's journey and the uncharted dark side of the passage and great villains like Voldemort, Hannibal Lecter, Darth Vadar and Satan that embody the dark side.

Victorians' Secrets: A Nineteenth-Century Guide to Screenwriting, or How the Victorians Invented the Screenplay
by Michael Halperin
Once motion pictures began telling stories, filmmakers looked to familiar models on which to build screenplays. The modern novel born in the 19th century gave them the model they needed.

Giving The Audience A Great Ride: How to Create Passion, Suspense, and Other Entertainment Dimensions
by James Bonnet
The entertainment dimensions are the pleasant sensations the audience feels when they experience your story. The most important of these feelings are those associated with the actions of the genre structures. When you isolate the plots and subplots of your story, you isolate actions that are directly linked to specific feelings that are associated with romance, mystery, adventure or some other particular activity.

Lying in the Land of Memoir: Straddling the Line Between Fact and Fiction
by Kathleen Finneran
Most memoirists have an exceptional memory, but it is not the quality of their memories that draws us toward memoir. What draws us, as writers, is the need to commemorate major and minor moments in our lives and the people and places in them, something that can’t be achieved through fiction.

The Art of Self-Promotion for Writers
by Ron Suppa
Much is made about the value of toiling for years in the Hollywood trenches before ‘making it.’ Baloney. Directors become directors by directing, producers by producing. There is no glory or career edge gained by laboring in obscurity while honing your craft. Learn to hone it right out there in the limelight.

Adding Emotional Depth to a Plot Via a Subplot
by David Freeman
One way to add that mysterious quality of emotional layers or ‘depth’ to a plot is to have the hero's emotional journey echoed in a subplot. Alan Ball, the screenwriter of ‘American Beauty,’ does this masterfully.

The Essence of Story
by James Bonnet
What is the essence, or heart and soul, of a great story? There are seven critical elements: the change of fortune, the problem of the story, the complications, crisis, climax and resolution of the classical structure, and the threat, which is by far the most important.

Why ‘American Beauty’ Works: Focus on the Use of Symbols
by David Freeman
To add depth to your script consider using symbols to represent a concept. If there's a rule about symbols, it's that you be artful in its use, as Alan Ball was using the color red in ‘American Beauty.’

How Old is Too Old to Be a Screenwriter?
by D.B. Gilles
Raymond Chandler wrote his first screenplay at 56. He didn't even publish his first novel until he was 51. Joseph Mankiewitz was well over 35 when he wrote 'All About Eve.' In this article, D.B. Gilles addresses the two things older screenwriters have going against them in today’s marketplace: Ageism and Access.

The Three Hard Truths About Agents
by Dennis Palumbo
The success of a writer's relationship with his or her agent has almost nothing to do with the agent, and everything to do with the writer. In this article, author Dennis Palumbo, a former Hollywood screenwriter and now a psychotherapist who works with writers, describes elements of the complicated, symbiotic connection between writers and agents.

Techniques to Establish Pacing
by Gerry Visco
Gotham Writers’ Workshop instructor Gerry Visco discusses how the manipulation of time in your screenplay can be used in effectively telling your story.

Great Characters - Their Best Kept Secret
by James Bonnet
Actor/Screenwriter James Bonnet, author of ‘Stealing Fire From the Gods’ and leader of the ‘Storymaking: The Master Class’ workship, suggests the key to creating effective and memorable characters in your story is to imbue them with qualities at the extremes of the spectrum.

Writing the Blockbuster Love Story
by John Truby
Everyone loves a love story. But this apparently simple tale may be the most difficult form to write well, for a number of reasons. If you believe love is the most important thing in life, if you believe that learning to love is how we live a good life, then you should write this form and read on.

The Thriller
by John Truby
The Thriller is one of Hollywood's most popular forms because it combines the criminality and surprise of the detective form with the danger and pressure of horror. Each beat is geared toward wringing every last ounce of terror from the hero and the audience.

How To Prepare Your Stage Play For The Theater Market
by Jonathan Dorf
Finishing a first draft of a play is great, but, often, the play you start writing isn't the one you finish writing; it takes the process of writing the play to figure out what the play is really about. Then, when you want to try to sell it, you have to make sure the play is absolutely ready for market.

Secrets of Blockbuster Movies - Part II
by John Truby
Don't be fooled by the notion that no one knows anything. Buyers may not know if a particular script will make over $100 million, but they have a pretty good idea of certain major story characteristics found in most blockbuster scripts.

Secrets of Blockbuster Movies - Part I
by John Truby
Hollywood is interested in one thing: a script with blockbuster potential. That's a big problem for most screenwriters. Blockbuster films don't come from big stars. They come from blockbuster stories and from writers who use fundamentally different techniques than other writers.

The Enneagram: A Power Tool for Screenwriters
by Judith Searle
The Enneagram, a system of personality typing, is a powerful tool for developing original and dimensional characters. Familiarity with the nine basic types helps sharpen conflicts between characters to make dramatic situations more compelling.

How To Market Your Screenplay
by Kathryn Knowlton
OK! You've got a terrific script! How do you get it read, and how do you sell it? This author suggest your passion is your best selling aid.

Push Boundaries and Make No Excuses
by Linda Seger
Great writers are not afraid to put themselves on the line. Writing is scary. Author Dr. Linda Seger has discovered that people who write are scared, and the people who would like to write are scared. The difference is people who write are scared, and they write anyway.

How Do I Critique My Own Work?
by Leigh Michaels
When we go back to read the words we've put on the page, we not only read the actual words, we relive the emotions we felt as we were writing. Whether the book is done or you're stuck in the middle, it's perfectly natural to be suffering the heebie-jeebies about whether the characters are right, whether the story is working and whether you're ever going to slay this monster.

Pretense, Pratfalls and Silly Walks: Why Characters make us Laugh
by Richard Michaels Stefanik
Humor is a perceptual experience that causes people to laugh. The subtlest way to infuse your stories with smiles is by way of the accidental comic character. Author Richard Michaels Stefanik (The Megahit Movies Book) gives us examples and tips on how to add a little humor by creating absurd and unexpected people.

The Three Cosmic Rules of Writing
by Dennis Palumbo
According to veteran writer and licensed psychotherapist Dennis Palumbo, there are no rules when it comes to writing, except for what he calls ‘the Three Cosmic Rules of Writing.’ To learn these rules, read on.

How To Get An Agent
by Marisa D'Vari
You're a hot writer! Already you can see your name on the front page of Variety and the Hollywood Reporter. But to make the magic work, you need an agent. Or rather, you think you do.

Fishing for the Hook
by William Missouri Downs and Robin U. Russin
Often you’ll hear producers, agents and others whom writers must deal with asking them for more of ‘a hook’ to their pitches or screenplays. What exactly a hook is, is rarely spelled out; they just know they want one. It’s sort of like the problem faced by the hapless writer in Albert Brooks’ ‘The Muse’ - everyone tells him he’s ‘lost his edge,’ but he can’t for the life of him figure out what that means.

Why Good Writers Keep Journals
by Ruth Folit
Journals have been the secret weapon for writers from Allen Ginsburg to Virginia Woolf to Victor Hugo. Ruth Folit’s article tells you why good writers keep journals, and how you can make your journal your secret weapon, too.

Do You Have to Live in Hollywood?
by Skip Press
Skip Press quit Hollywood in disgust after two of his feature scripts were purchased, but not made. One day he started promoting his writing skills to publishers online, and two weeks later signed a contract to write a book. In this article, he uses himself (and others) as examples of how to succeed in Hollywood without actually living there.

Six Points About Character, Plot, and Dialogue You Wish You'd Have Known Yesterday
by Sol Stein
If you could sit down in a chair next to the editor of work by James Baldwin, Elia Kazan, Jack Higgins, Jacques Barzun, David Frost, Budd Schulberg, Dylan Thomas and Lionel Trilling, what could that editor say that would be immediately helpful to you in your work? Let Sol Stein take you through six points about character, plot and dialogue that will help you polish your work.

The Matrix - An Appreciation
by Syd Field
The Matrix is an incredible blend of action movie that embodies interesting content and dynamic visual execution. In this article, author, screenwriter and producer Syd Field explains why he loved the idea behind this film.

Healing the Hollywood Heart
by Viki King
There are hundreds of ways Hollywood can break your heart. The good news is that there are hundreds of ways you can heal it as well, among them finishing that script you’ve always dreamed of writing.

Classic Story Structure Begins with Plot
by Adam Sexton
What is plot? Simply, plot is ‘what happens’ in a short story, novel, play or film. No more, no less. It isn't description or dialogue, and it certainly isn't theme. Specifically, plot is the result of choices made by characters in a story, especially the story's protagonist, or main character.

How to Write Badly to Write Better
by Gene Perret
If you want to be a writer, you must learn to write. The first step is to just do it, and do it badly if you have to. The benefit of this experience is that you can focus on learning what you need to know in order to do it well.

Do You Really Want to be a Screenwriter?
by Michael Hauge
Almost every writer and every serious film fan at one time or another has at least considered writing a screenplay. Lured by the power of the big (or small) screen, and by stories of all the fame, success, awards and big, big money that other screenwriters have achieved, they are seduced by the fantasy of Hollywood. But do you really want to be a screenwriter? Read on.

The Ins and Outs of TV Series Writer Deals
by Dina Appleton and Daniel Yankelevits
The television business has undergone a dramatic change in recent years. Studios no longer spend millions of dollars on long-term development deals with TV writers in the hope that the writer will create a hit show for the studio. Nowadays, a writer is typically engaged to perform the initial step of writing a pilot script.

The Mystery Defined
by Greg Fallis
Mystery and detective fiction comprises a literature of questions, including Who done it? What was done? How was it done? Why was it done? An even more fundamental question, though, is What is a mystery?, which is answered in great detail by Gotham Writers Workshop faculty member Greg Fallis.

A Screenwriter's Challenge: Visualization
by Guy Magar
Visual writing is simply this: a focused use of vocabulary to evoke a visual imagery of the action. When should it be used? In every scene!

The Six Essential Habits of Highly Successful Screenwriters
by Karl Iglesias
Highly successful screenwriters are the most disciplined people around. They make the time to write, face the blank page, produce a consistent amount of pages every day and deliver high quality scripts on deadline. Author Karl Iglesias shares six of the most essential habits you should master if you're interested in a successful career as a screenwriter.

Exercises to Nurture the Creative Process
by Linda Seger
Linda Seger is a popular consultant and lecturer who travels throughout the world speaking to new and established filmmakers on creative ways to make a screenplay great. In this segment of an in-depth interview she gave to Writers Store staffers, Seger discusses the creative process, what it means to her and exercises for writers to use to expand their own creativity.

Writing in Restaurants
by Jonathan Dorf
Some writers do their best work hunched over the computers at their desks. Others work in libraries. Or at the beach. But playwright Jon Dorf likes nothing better than writing in a restaurant. While some people are terrified at the prospect of dining alone, for him, it's a chance to let someone else do the cooking, while he relaxes and inhabits his current play or screenplay.

What's My Genre?
by John Truby
According to John Truby, the single most important decision you must make when developing your premise is what genre to use. Genre is a particular type of story, like detective, comedy, thriller or action. The reason genre is so important is that the entire entertainment business is based on it.

On Journaling
by Rachel Friedman Ballon
Journal writing is a wonderful way to know yourself and to discover exciting ideas inside you. There are many ways to apply journal writing. As a script consultant and as a licensed psychotherapist in private practice in Los Angeles, Dr. Rachel Ballon has used journal writing with hundreds of writers and non-writers alike with amazing results.

How do I Treat my Treatment?
by Michael Halperin
If you're asked to submit a treatment, what exactly does that mean? Treatments express story, action, character and plot points. Therefore, almost every paragraph should propel all four of those elements toward a dynamic conclusion.

Is it a Story Analyst or a Reader?
by Marisa D'Vari
After you've labored for months, even years, over your script, whose hands are you turning this masterpiece over to? A reader's? A story analyst's?

The Myth of Sacred Writing Time
by Stephen Berger
Most writers spend time studying to master certain aspects of the craft of writing, such as story, plot, character arc, dialog, archetypes or the hero’s journey. What Stephen Berger considers a plague on the entire creative process is something many writers also struggle to achieve, which he calls the Myth of Sacred Writing Time.

Romantic Comedy Writing Secrets
by William 'Bill' Mernit
If creating a successful romantic comedy really was as easy as plugging a couple of stars into a standard boy-meets-girl, boy-loses- girl, boy-gets-girl structure, the market would be glutted with genuinely funny romantic comedies. But only one or two have topped the box office in the past few years. And as a story analyst who sees-and rejects romantic comedy specs on a weekly basis, Billy Mernit can tell you that the ones that really work are all too rare.

Five Secrets to Writing Screenplays that Sell
by Michael Hauge
Few films earn more than $100 million at the box office. The ones that do can range from low budget horror to romantic comedy to occult thriller, but they all have five things in common.

On What's a Screenplay
by Syd Field
Noted author and screenwriting instructor Syd Field, whose latest book, ‘The Screenwriter's Problem Solver: How to Recognize, Identify and Define Screenwriting Problems,’ has been a best-seller since its release, offers insights on writing visually.

Mining Your Mind: Journal Techniques for Writers
by Ruth Folit
Most writers carry a notebook, scraps of paper, old envelopes, to jot down ‘thoughts of the moment.’ A journal is another medium in which a writer can keep a record, albeit a slightly more unified one.

The Conference Call -- Getting The Most Out Of Your Conference Dollar
by Kathie Fong Yoneda
If you’re an emerging novelist or screenwriter, it’s likely that you’ve attended or are thinking of attending a writers conference. Where else can you take classes to help you hone your craft, listen to panels of experts giving advice, or meet with an agent, editor or executive to pitch your latest book or script – all in one day or one weekend?

The Writer's True Self and Success
by Howard M. Gluss, Ph.D.
There is little doubt that your ability to communicate your inner world as a form of creative expression will be greatly enhanced by a strong sense of self -- a self which comes from an ability to discern who you are and who (for the sake of others) you try to be.

Universal Themes, Unique Perspectives
by Linda Seger, PhD
International screenwriters have a love-hate relationship with Hollywood. On the one hand, they know that Hollywood is the film capital of the world, and on the other, they don't want to learn a Hollywood formula.

Watching Lord of the Rings - Again
by Christopher Vogler
Sometimes I like to see a movie twice; once to watch the movie, and once to watch the audience. You can learn a lot from watching the audience, how involved they are, how restless, how they breathe, when they lean over to talk to each other, when they don't understand something. I saw 'The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring' once early in the movie's run, in a packed house, and concentrated on watching the movie...

Secrets of Blockbuster Movies - Part IV - Deep Structure
by John Truby
Writing for Hollywood requires more than a good premise and strong storytelling ability. You also have to write what Hollywood wants to sell. In today's entertainment business, that means a script with blockbuster capability. If the buyers don't think your script will appeal to a massive worldwide audience, they won't buy it. What may surprise you is that the elements that buyers think will appeal worldwide are found in the deep structure of a script.

Ideas for Breaking through Writer's Block
by Linda Seger, PhD
As a script consultant, Linda Seger has worked with more than 2000 scripts, from ‘The NeverEnding Story II’ to ‘Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil.’ Linda has also extensively studied the creative process, working with writers to jump-start their brains and emotions. In this interview, she offer ideas for breaking through writer's block.

Selling Secrets of the Selling Trade - Proven Advertising Techniques Can Make Your Queries & Loglines Stand Out From The Pack
by American Writers & Artists Institute
Copywriters may tell you writing advertising copy isn’t art. There are proven, specific techniques that make it work. The same formulas that sell a product can also help you sell your screenplay or your novel. Take a look at the writing of screenplay loglines –- a typical screenplay logline is about 25 words. So is a typical print ad headline. In both, you get about 3 seconds to grab –- and hold –- attention.

Another P.O.V.
by K Callan
Veteran actress K Callan has authored several great reference books for actors, directors and others who need a foot (or a good agent) to open the door to the biz. Here, she recaps her advice for screenwriters answering some of the most immediate questions that writers have.

La Grande Illusion - A Reflection by Syd Field
by Syd Field
‘There may be two or three times during our lives when something happens that alters the direction of our life,’ writes Syd Field. ‘We meet someone, go somewhere or do something we've never done before, and those moments become peak experiences guiding us to where we're supposed to go.’ In this article, he writes about how his relationship with French film director Jean Renoir changed his life.

The New Spec Style
by David Trottier
What’s this new spec formatting style? The 1990s fostered a movement toward ‘lean and clean’ screenwriting: Shorter scripts, shorter paragraphs, shorter speeches, more white space and the omission of technical instructions. It comes as no surprise that this gradual evolution continues to refine spec style.

Real People, Real Characters: The WHO of Memoir
by Michelle Richmond
A memoir isn't just for the famous, infamous or retired, it's a provocative medium to capture the essence of a life of fascination, passion, or other dramatic elements. This article introduces you to different levels of the 'who' of the memoir.


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